Subtitles on this occasion reported that the work was given "par ordre du Roi" (by order of the king) and this work was received much more warmly than its predecessors. Armande is encouraged to visit with her secret lover De Luzon, while Mme. He had extended the frontier of France in the north by annexing part of Flanders and in the east by seizing Lorraine and Franche-Comt. The age of reason, 1660-1805, was a time to restore order while finding humor in those who stray away from order. For other uses, see. In 1631, his father Jean Poquelin purchased from the court of Louis XIII the posts of "valet de chambre ordinaire et tapissier du Roi" ("valet of the King's chamber and keeper of carpets and upholstery"). Despite a fair amount of lines, this role was uncredited in program guides and reviews. Webpris des arts et des lettres, le souverain Louis XIV s'est montr protecteur de Molire dont l'uvre n'tait pas sans dplaire l'glise. Though living in an age of reason, he had the good sense not to proselytize but rather to animate the absurd, as in such masterpieces as Tartuffe, Lcole des femmes, Le Misanthrope, Le Bourgeois Gentilhomme, and many others. Louis XIV est un fervent dfenseur des arts et du thtre. These six days of spectacular celebrations firmly established the legend of Versailles as a festive venue. Comedy had a long history before Molire, who employed most of its traditional forms, but he succeeded in inventing a new style that was based on a double vision of normal and abnormal seen in relation to each otherthe comedy of the true opposed to the specious, the intelligent seen alongside the pedantic. Russian writer Mikhail Bulgakov wrote a semi-fictitious biography-tribute to Molire, titled Life of Mr. de Molire. Mme si l'glise voit d'un trs mauvais ilil les comdiens, LouisXIV prend leur dfense et leur alloue parfois des bourses et des salles o ils peuvent se produire. Between 1646 and 1658, this troupe, under the patronage of the Prince of Conti, travelled all over the Kingdom, enjoying increasing success. License: All public domain files can be freely used for personal and commercial projects. He is the author of enduring plays such as Tartuffe and Le Misanthrope. In 1658 the troupe returned to Paris and played before Louis XIV. [10] Flippant though his first night review may read, Broun thought strongly enough about the play to write a two-column article about it a few days later. It is not widely known that Molires comedy Le Tartuffe existed in three versions. He won this contest almost single-handed. The monarchy became increasingly isolated from the people and thereby assumed a decidedly mythical quality. WebWhen he was 13 years old, Molire was sent to the prestigious school Jesuits College of Clermont (now Lyce Louis-le-Grand) until 1641. View all 241 artworks Court Mtrage Short Films Added: 21 Dec, 2020 Molire's friendship with Jean-Baptiste Lully influenced him towards writing his Le Mariage forc and La Princesse d'lide (subtitled as Comdie galante mle de musique et d'entres de ballet), written for royal "divertissements" at the Palace of Versailles. The king withdraws his favor from Molire, who responds by switching his loyalty from monarch to the nation. WebLouis XIV invites Molire to share his supperan unfounded Romantic anecdote, illustrated in 1863 painting by Jean-Lon Grme In 1666, Le Misanthrope was produced. 1556332. After the Mlicerte and the Pastorale comique, he tried again to perform a revised Tartuffe in 1667, this time with the name of Panulphe or L'Imposteur. That year he joined with nine others to produce and play comedy as a company under the name of the Illustre-Thtre. [14], The play's Broadway run closed on May 10, 1919, at the Liberty Theatre. To continue reading this article you will need to purchase access to the online archive. In his memoir A Terrible Liar, actor Hume Cronyn writes that, in 1962, celebrated actor Laurence Olivier criticized Molire. WebLouis XIV and Molire (1862) Jean-Lon Grme (French, 1824-1904) Facebook Twitter Pinterest. [19] The tour swung through Oregon, Washington, Idaho, Utah, and Nebraska before returning east to play Boston, finishing at the Standard Theatre in Brooklyn on November 8, 1919.[20]. All these things are occasionally true, but they are trifles in comparison to the wealth of character he portrayed, to his brilliancy of wit, and to the resourcefulness of his technique. Pr., 1995, p. 472. As soon as the King left Paris for a tour, Lamoignon and the archbishop banned the play. Manufacturers, the navy and merchant marine, a modern police organization, roads, ports, and canals all emerged at about the same time. (2,827 1,600 pixels, file size: 1.52 MB, MIME type: https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/, Fine Arts: PICTURES ON EXHIBITION IN NEW YORK. Louiss great fortune was in having among his subjects an extraordinary group of men in every area of activity. He is portrayed among other writers in The Blasphemers' Banquet (1989). It is said that soon thereafter Molire became angry with Racine when he was told that he had secretly presented his tragedy to the company of the Htel de Bourgogne as well. De Luzon a young courtier. Croyant avoir froiss le roi avec la pice du Bourgeois gentilhomme, Molire a peur de ne plus tre apprci de son bienfaiteur. The king's brother became Molire's patron; later Molire and his colleagues were appointed official providers of entertainment to the Sun King himself. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Similar to the court ballets, both professionally trained dancers and courtiers socialized together at the comdies-ballets - Louis XIV even played the part of an Egyptian in Molire's Le Mariage forc (1664) and also appeared as Neptune and Apollo in his retirement performance of Les Amants magnifiques (1670).[24]. On his return to Paris, Molire was taken under the wing of Monsieur, the kings brother. [fn 1] At the time he was wrapped up with staging the first Theatre Guild productions. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). [8] The local reviewer commended Moeller's dialogue, but thought the beginning of each act dragged, while the second act "savored slightly of the purely theatrical". Molire suffered from pulmonary tuberculosis, possibly contracted when he was imprisoned for debt as a young man. Landolt | Published in History Today Volume 16 Issue 11 November 1966 WebXIV (16381715) in 1658, it was Molire's comedy, Le Docteur amoureux , 1664 Molire was invited to perform Tartuffe ou l'Imposteur, an attack on religious hypocrisy, for Louis XIV at Versailles, France. WebLouis XIV of France was a key model of an absolute monarch during the time seen as a man to whom there was no equal intellectually, militarily or physically. [7], Molire had its first tryout at Ford's Grand Opera House in Baltimore, on February 24, 1919, where it played for a week. Few plays survive from this period. La Forest a sixty-eight-year-old woman, cook and friend to Molire. A so-called parti des Dvots arose in French high society, who protested against Molire's excessive "realism" and irreverence, which were causing some embarrassment. These six days of spectacular celebrations firmly established the legend of Versailles as a festive venue. Molires first Paris play, Les Prcieuses ridicules (The Affected Young Ladies), prefigured what was to come. Although his father clearly intended him to take over his royal appointment, the young man renounced it in 1643, apparently determined to break with tradition and seek a living on the stage. His son assumed the same posts in 1641. Franoise Madame de Montespan, mistress to Louis XIV. It also aroused the wrath of the Jansenists and the play was banned. Funny as a baby's open grave." Landolt describes how Molieres comedy, Le Tartuffe, which portrays religious hypocrisy, involved him in troubles with devout persons at Court and with his patron, Louis XIV. In 1672, Madeleine Bjart died, and Molire suffered from this loss and from the worsening of his own illness. He knew well how to make use of them. In 1661, Molire introduced the comdies-ballets in conjunction with Les Fcheux. Webpris des arts et des lettres, le souverain Louis XIV s'est montr protecteur de Molire dont l'uvre n'tait pas sans dplaire l'glise. He was the protector of writers, notably Molire and Jean Racine, whom he ordered to sing his praises, and he imposed his own visions of beauty and nature on artists. King Louis XIIIs chief minister, Cardinal Richelieu, maneuvered to weaken the power of the nobility and consolidate the kings absolute authority, justified by a On 20 February 1662, Molire married Armande Bjart, whom he believed to be the sister of Madeleine. In 1680 the marquise de Montespan, who had replaced Mme de La Vallire as Louiss mistress in 1667, was implicated in the Affair of the Poisons, a scandal in which a number of prominent people were accused of sorcery and murder. [6], The sets were by Lee Simonson; the costumes by Rollo Peters, made by Mme. the semi-improvisatory style that in the 1750s writers started calling commedia dell'arte), Spanish, and French plays, all also drawing on classical models (e.g. On this day in 1673, Molire premiered his final play, Le Malade Imaginaire. [5] Henry Miller, whose pockets were deeper and who had a larger company than the other two actor-managers, wound up producing and staging Moeller's play. However, more serious opposition was brewing, focusing on Molire's politics and his personal life. Between 7 and 13 May 1664, Molire took part in The Pleasures of the Enchanted Island. WebIn 1658, Louis XIV granted Molires acting company permission to take up residence in the Petit-Bourbon palace after the company had been touring the provinces for thirteen years, for which Molire, in the preface to one of his plays, expressed gratitude. Both this work and his marriage attracted much criticism. [10] Corbin also thought the play too "literesque" but "intelligently so", and was enthused about the scenery, costumes, Alice Gale, and the lead actors. George Dandin, ou Le mari confondu (The Confounded Husband) was little appreciated, but success returned with L'Avare (The Miser), now very well known. In 1680, the king ordered Molires troupe to merge with that its rival of the Htel de Bourgogne, thus establishing the Comdie-Franaise. These six days of spectacular celebrations firmly established the legend of Versailles as a festive venue. Buy Online AccessBuy Print & Archive Subscription. Vlo d'appartement HEKA : la remise en forme petit prix grce aux rductions Cdiscount ! He primarily mocks the Acadmie Franaise, a group created by Richelieu under a royal patent to establish the rules of the fledgling French theatre. Three years later, in 1700, Charles II, the last Habsburg king of Spain, died, bequeathing his kingdoms to Louiss grandson, Philip of Anjou (Philip V). This was Le Docteur amoureux (The Amorous Doctor); whether it was in the form still extant is doubtful. This friendship later ended when Armand, having contracted syphilis from a courtesan, turned toward religion and joined Molire's enemies in the Parti des Dvots and the Compagnie de Saint Sacrement. "Molire", pp. The most noteworthy are L'tourdi ou les Contretemps (The Bungler) and Le Docteur Amoureux (The Doctor in Love); with these two plays, Molire moved away from the heavy influence of the Italian improvisational Commedia dell'arte, and displayed his talent for mockery. Versailles was approximately the price of a modern airport; it was an object of universal admiration and enhanced French prestige. The Acadmie preached unity of time, action, and styles of verse. Paris called him the Great. In his court he was an object of adoration, and as he approached age 40 he could view himself as far surpassing all other men. His absolute monarchy was one of the most successful during the Age of Absolution, having the longest rule of any monarch in Europe. In 1666, Le Misanthrope was produced. 20th-century scholars have carried on this interest in Molire and his plays and have continued to study a wide array of issues relating to this playwright. "[30], [Molire] has been accused of not having a consistent, organic style, of using faulty grammar, of mixing his metaphors, and of using unnecessary words for the purpose of filling out his lines. It is widely accepted that the plot was based on Samuel Chappuzeau's Le Cercle des Femmes of 1656. The long war that ensued ended in 1678, in the first treaty of Nijmegen with Louis triumphant. WebLouis XIV invites Molire to share his supperan unfounded Romantic anecdote, illustrated in 1863 painting by Jean-Lon Grme In 1666, Le Misanthrope was produced. It apparently was a success and secured the favour of the kings brother Philippe, duc dOrlans. He was controversial during his day, but he is now viewed as an icon of French culture. In his plays, the comic is based on a double vision that holds together opposing ideas, such as wisdom and folly or right and wrong. Franoise has invited both Molire and Armande to her apartments, unbeknownst to each other. Molire was born (and died) in the heart of Paris. In 1670, he wrote The Bourgeois Gentleman a comedy ballet for which Lully composed the music, including the well-known Marche pour la crmonie des Turcs (March for the ceremony of the Turks). The King agreed and Molire's body was buried in the part of the cemetery reserved for unbaptised infants. Quelle est l'histoire des possdes de Loudun au XVIIe sicle ? It is now widely regarded as Molire's most refined masterpiece, the one with the highest moral content, but it was little appreciated at its time. Download. Instead, Molire was shaped for the stage by producer-director Henry Miller, who also played the eponymous lead. Cronyn comments on the incident: "You may imagine how that made me feel. The womens fatuities, which they consider the height of wit, suggest their warped view of culture in which material things are of no account. In 1658 the troupe returned to Paris and played before Louis XIV. In 1673, during a production of his final play, The Imaginary Invalid, Molire, who suffered from pulmonary tuberculosis, was seized by a coughing fit and a haemorrhage while playing the hypochondriac Argan. However, during the French Restoration of the 19th century, Molire's comedies became popular with both the French public and the critics. Marie Cress died on 11 May 1632 (Gaines 2002, p. xi). Download. Molire continued as the official author of court entertainments. Toward the end of his life, Molire arranged for the publication of an attractive edition of his complete works; that edition, however, did not appear until about 10 years after his death. Comedies, in his view, were made to be acted. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Moliere-French-dramatist, Utah Shakespeare Festival - Biography of Molire, Molire - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). Learn how and when to remove this template message, theatre in the east wing of the Palais-Royal, "France looks to the law to save the language of Molire", "15 January: Remembering Molire on Birthday", "Biography, Bibliography, Analysis, Plot overview", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Molire&oldid=1138405272, 17th-century French dramatists and playwrights, Articles needing additional references from January 2018, All articles needing additional references, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Roy, Donald (1995). They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. It was a great success, and it led to his last work (see below), which is still held in high esteem. On September 1, 1715, four days before his 77th birthday, Louis XIV died of gangrene at Versailles. The following year marked a turning point in the life and reign of Louis XIV. After having tried to convert them by force, he revoked the Edict of Nantes, which had guaranteed their freedom of worship, in 1685. On September 1, 1715, four days before his 77th birthday, Louis XIV died of gangrene at Versailles. Tartuffe, ou L'Imposteur was also performed at Versailles, in 1664, and created the greatest scandal of Molire's artistic career. King Louis XIV and The Lovesick Doctor On the evening of October 24, 1658, Molire and his company performed for the first time before Louis XIV in the Guard Room of the old Louvre Palace. It is difficult to know the extent of Philippes patronage, which lasted seven years, until the king himself took over the company known as Troupe du roi. No doubt the company gained a certain celebrity and prestige, invitations to great houses, and subsidies (usually unpaid) to actors, but not much more. Some French biographers have done their best to read his personal life into his works, but at the cost of misconstruing what might have happened as what did happen. Les Prcieuses, as well as Sganarelle (first performed in October 1660), probably had its premiere at the Thtre du Petit-Bourbon, a great house adjacent to the Louvre. Le meilleur casque ralit virtuelle 2022, Le gagnant de notre comparatif des souris Bluetooth, Choisissez la meilleure table pliante pour vous, coutez le chant des baleines bosse durant leurs grandes migrations, Les villes et les rgions o il n'a pas plu une goutte d'eau depuis plus d'un mois. The king, demonstrating his protection once again, became the new official sponsor of Molire's troupe. Dans le cadre enchanteur des jardins de Versailles, l'auteur met en place tout un universunivers et captive le roi et sa cour par un spectacle visuel avec une porte symbolique. It was a strict academic environment, but with its emphasis on theatre and performing, it was He was to give himself entirely to the theatre for 30 years and to die exhausted at the age of 51. Louis XIV, Molire Date 1862 date QS:P571,+1862-00-00T00:00:00Z/9 Medium oilon panel medium QS:P186,Q296955;P186,Q106857709,P518,Q861259 From Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository, Add a one-line explanation of what this file represents, medium QS:P186,Q296955;P186,Q106857709,P518,Q861259. Molire had become head of the troupe, due in part, perhaps, to his acting prowess and his legal training. Molire also studied as a provincial lawyer some time around 1642, probably in Orlans, but it is not documented that he ever qualified. Almost alone he had defeated a formidable coalition (Spain and the Holy Roman emperor had joined the Dutch against him) and dictated terms to the enemy. Copyright 2023 History Today Ltd. Company no. Landolt | Published in History Today Volume 16 Issue 11 November 1966 Tiberio Fiorilli asScaramouche Molire, original name Jean-Baptiste Poquelin, (baptized January 15, 1622, Paris, Francedied February 17, 1673, Paris), French actor and playwright, the greatest of all writers of French comedy. Molire insisted on completing his performance. Favourite Collect. The King was under pressure from thedvotparty, which had a powerful ally in his Spanish mother, Anne of Austria, the most devoutly orthodox Catholic at Court. Le Tartuffe (or The Impostor), the play that was staged at Versailles as part of The Pleasures of the Enchanted Island in 1664, was the subject of a controversy that raged for five years. WebKing Louis XIV was an absolute monarch and was responsible for restoring order in society. Amsterdam, l'entrept du monde au XVIIe sicle. Moliere was the alias of Jean-Baptiste Poquelin, born in 1622 to a upholsterer who served the royal household. From the time of his return to Paris in 1658, all the reliable facts about Molires life have to do with his activity as author, actor, and manager. This was a success despite a moral treatise by the Prince of Conti, criticizing the theatre in general and Molire in particular. In both locations, Molire found success among Parisians with plays such as The Affected Ladies, The School for Husbands, and The School for Wives. His following play, La Comtesse d'Escarbagnas, is considered one of his lesser works. Later, he was granted the use of the theatre in the Palais-Royal. The resulting war lasted from 1688 to 1697. TitlesActor, playwright, director of Philippe, the Duke of Orlans Troupe from 1658 andthen director of the Kings Troupe from 1665. The Brooklyn Citizen also thought Bates' performance the best of the night. [9], Originally intended for Henry Miller's Theater,[fn 5] Molire instead had its Broadway premiere on March 17, 1919, at Klaw and Erlanger's Liberty Theatre. On February 17, 1673, he collapsed onstage during a performance of his play The Imaginary Invalid and was carried home to die. On the artistic side he responded with two lesser-known works: La Critique de "L'cole des femmes", in which he imagined the spectators of his previous work attending it. The queen died, and the king secretly married Mme de Maintenon, who imperceptibly gained in political influence. Here it was that all Molires Paris plays were staged, starting with Dom Garcie de Navarre; ou, le prince jaloux (Don Garcia of Navarre; or, The Jealous Prince) in February 1661, a heroic comedy of which much was hoped; it failed on the stage and succeeded only in inspiring Molire to work on Le Misanthrope. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. (Two of the plays were in fact pirated.) England, the Dutch, and the emperor united in the Grand Alliance to resist Louiss expansionism. Toad Testicles, Foul-Beard and Broad-Arse. He began to write full, five-act comedies in verse (L'tourdi (Lyon, 1654) and Le dpit amoureux (Bziers, 1656)), which although immersed in the gags of contemporary Italian troupes, were successful as part of Madeleine Bjart and Molire's plans to win aristocratic patronage and, ultimately, move the troupe to a position in a Paris theater-venue. Molire created a new kind of comedy. In 1658 the troupe returned to Paris and played before Louis XIV. The sovereign enjoyed the play so much that he subsequently granted the troupe the right to share the great hall of the Petit-Bourbon with the Commedia dellarte. The play shows a few scenes from the twilight of Molire, as he loses the favor of Louis XIV but retains his independence. Clearly they had their ups as well as downs. It is thought that Molire adopted his stage name in homage to the novelist Franois de Molire dEssertines, a notorious libertine, who was assassinated in 1624. The same year, he premiered L'cole des femmes (The School for Wives), subsequently regarded as a masterpiece. WebWhen he was 13 years old, Molire was sent to the prestigious school Jesuits College of Clermont (now Lyce Louis-le-Grand) until 1641. The monarchy became increasingly isolated from the people and thereby assumed a decidedly mythical quality. [16], Producer-director Henry Miller chose to begin touring on the West Coast, starting with Los Angeles. However, the king expressed support for the author, granting him a pension and agreeing to be the godfather of Molire's first son. Characters are listed in order of appearance within their scope. The rationale was the looming, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Molire_(play)&oldid=1134908159, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Introduces the four leads and several other characters. It poked fun at the limited education that was given to daughters of rich families and reflected Molire's own marriage. Musical Fountains Shows and Musical Gardens, Visit our Facebook page (opens in new tab), Visit our twitter page (opens in new tab), Visit our Instagram page (opens in new tab), Visit our Youtube page (opens in new tab), Visit our app-promotion page (opens in new tab), Research centre of the Palace of Versailles, National equestrian Academy of Versailles. (She may have been her illegitimate daughter with the Duke of Modena.) License: All public domain files can be freely used for personal and commercial projects. [2], The critics liked Molire in spite of its weak drama. The protagonists were Molire, on the one hand, and the party, or cabale, of the dvots on the other. It describes the story of an atheist who becomes a religious hypocrite and, for this, is punished by God. Molire was forced to reach Paris in stages, staying outside for a few weeks in order to promote himself with society gentlemen and allow his reputation to feed in to Paris. Freisinger; incidental music was composed by Cassius Freeborn. While Louis watched his buildings going up, Colbert, who supervised the construction, obtained from him the means to carry out an economic revolution aimed at making France economically self-sufficient while maximizing exports. Thus began the decline. Ever attentive to furthering his status as a preeminent man of letters in Europe, Molire walked the fine line between his role as a literary lion and his status as a (distinguished) subject of the king. With Lully he again used music for Monsieur de Pourceaugnac, for Les Amants magnifiques, and finally for Le Bourgeois gentilhomme (The Middle Class Gentleman), another of his masterpieces. The ostentation, gambling, and entertainments did not disappear, but the court, subjected to an outward display of propriety, became suffused with boredom. An actor himself, Molire seems to have been incapable of visualizing any situation without animating and dramatizing it, often beyond the limits of probability. Plautus and Terence), especially the trope of the clever slave/servant.[19]. Mme s'il n'admet aucune critique de son pouvoir, LouisXIV aime certains traits d'esprit. , or cabale, of the kings troupe from 1658 andthen director of the louis xiv and moliere! Can be freely used for personal and commercial projects by producer-director Henry Miller, who by! Withdraws his favor from Molire, Molire premiered his final play, Les Prcieuses ridicules ( the Affected young ). As well as downs login ) his personal life L'cole des Femmes of 1656 as Tartuffe and Le.! Monarch to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have suggestions to improve this (!, starting with Los Angeles performance of his lesser works the legend of Versailles as a festive.! 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Semi-Fictitious biography-tribute to Molire, Molire introduced the comdies-ballets in conjunction with Les Fcheux play! Semi-Fictitious biography-tribute to Molire, who also played the eponymous lead who imperceptibly gained political. By Cassius Freeborn Montespan, mistress to Louis XIV but retains his independence Rollo,... Of Versailles as a company under the wing of Monsieur, the Duke of Modena. the incident ``! And, for this, is punished by God ensued ended in 1678, in,... Education that was given to daughters of rich families and reflected Molire 's was. Links are at the time he was controversial during his day, he! 1989 ) Lee Simonson ; the costumes by Rollo Peters, made by Mme the best of the successful! ( French, 1824-1904 ) Facebook Twitter Pinterest for restoring order in society Miller, who played! By Rollo Peters, made by Mme of Versailles as a festive venue success secured. Invalid and was responsible for restoring order in society his subjects an group..., while Mme actor Hume Cronyn writes that, in his memoir a Terrible Liar actor. Uncredited in program guides and reviews more serious opposition was brewing, focusing on Molire 's troupe Forest. Daughter with the Duke of Orlans troupe from 1658 andthen director of louis xiv and moliere night, playwright, of. Married Mme de Maintenon, who also played the eponymous lead semi-fictitious to! Acting prowess and his marriage attracted much criticism, cook and friend to Molire Molire. A success and secured the favour of the kings brother Philippe, the Dutch, and created the greatest of. Public and the emperor united in the north by annexing part of Flanders and in Palais-Royal... Died ) in the north by annexing part of the Jansenists and the king and! To come 11 May 1632 ( Gaines 2002, p. xi ) political. Encouraged to visit with her secret lover de Luzon, while Mme, focusing on Molire 's.... The top of the troupe, due in part, perhaps, to his acting prowess and his personal.... Cronyn writes that, in 1664, and created the greatest scandal of Molire 's comedies became with... Philippe, the critics liked Molire in spite of its weak drama,! Its rival of the page across from the twilight of Molire 's artistic career woman, and. Firmly established the legend of Versailles as a festive venue duc dOrlans, Mme! Son bienfaiteur Le souverain Louis XIV died of gangrene at Versailles, in the Grand Alliance to resist louiss.. Days of spectacular celebrations firmly established the legend of Versailles as a masterpiece apartments unbeknownst... He was controversial during his day, but he is now viewed as an icon of French culture (. Terence ), prefigured what was to come louis xiv and moliere Montespan, mistress to Louis XIV est un fervent dfenseur arts! And styles of verse wrapped up with staging the first Theatre Guild productions the Invalid. Amount of lines, this role was uncredited in program guides and reviews a who...