She groomed a young and soon-to-be notorious Cardinal Richelieu as a statesman, teaching the so-called Red Eminence everything he knew. Both figures ignore the King. [66] As with all of Ruben's allegorical paintings, these two figures are chosen for a reason. As the years passed and she saw how much sway Richelieu held over her son, a jealous Marie tried desperately to have him exiled. However, this match is about politics as well as love. Perhaps its not surprising given his parents tempers and general bad behavior, but by all accounts, the Dauphin Louis needed a huge attitude adjustment. Post-Impressionist, Paul Czanne (18391906) registered for permission to copy the goddess as many as ten times. C.W. Uh, thats not what happened. The Duke of Nevers then took the leadership of the nobility in revolt against the Queen. When she arrived at her home in the Louvre in the capital, she found her surroundings so run-down, she was sure her husband was playing a joke on her. Plus, she had another thing going for her. Also present are the three graces, Euphrosyne, Aglaea, and Thalia giving her beauty. After the death of the duke of Anjou, brother of the childless King Henry III, the apparent heir was to be Henry of Navarre (the future King Henry IV). Therefore, Marie's visual biography was divided into three main chapters: childhood, life as a married queen, and the regency as a widow. In fact, she started an uprising twice. [104] The artist chose the high road, relying on Ripa's visual vernacular, to portray a scene where virtues defeat vices and embrace peaceful reconciliation making little more than an allusion to a vague political statement.[104]. [11] At this time, women did not in general receive such laudatory tributes, although Rubens, if anyone, was well equipped for the job, having a great respect for "the virtues of the opposite sex", as seen in his commissions for the Archduchess Isabella. As a comparison, there are within each, two women upon a dais classical pillars, swathes of luxuriant cloth, genuflecting personages with arms extended, and allegorical figures present. [78] The Queen thrusts her arm high with an assembler's baton in hand. During the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries iconography of the Christian world, as well as that of the Greek and Roman pantheon was understood by well-educated artists and citizens alike, and a familiar device used in artistry. [69] The object may be seen as foretelling of Marie's peaceful reign. The temple defines itself, by also including a plaque above the niche that says "Securitati Augustae" or For the Security of the empress. The Master of the Below, Poseidon, three Nereids, a sea-god and Triton rise from the sea, after having escorted the future Queen on the long voyage to procure her safe arrival in Marseilles. King smitten with the portrait of his bride-to-be (detail), Peter Paul Rubens, Jupiter and Juno (detail), Peter Paul Rubens, The Presentation of the Portrait of Marie de Medici, c. 1622-1625, oil on canvas, 394 x 295 cm (Muse du Louvre). And the worst was yet to come. The day after Marie officially became Queen of France, her husband suffered a horrific fate. The fountain was designed due to a special demand of the Queens. You should. [126] This painting corresponds to the Coronation painting in the Marie de' Medici cycle. She escaped to Brussels, and later died in exile in 1642 in the same house that the Peter Paul Rubens's family had occupied more than fifty years prior. Somehow, it only got worse. Prudence, the figure to the right of Marie, was stripped of her emblematic snake to lessen the chances any viewer would be reminded of Marie's rumored involvement in the King's assassination. Rather than accept this as a depiction of Marie as Justice, some hold that the real subject of the painting is the "return to earth of Astraea, the principle of divine justice, in a golden age. This painting was created on the cusp of the age of absolutism and, as such, one must remember royalty were considered above corporeal existence. 1573, Florence, Italy; d. 1642, Cologne, Germany Born into the powerful and influential Medici family, renowned bankers and patrons of the arts, Marie de Medici was the daughter of Francesco I de Medici, grand duke of Tuscany, and Joanna of Austria, a Hapsburg archduchess. [56], Throughout the depictions of Marie de' Medici's life, Rubens had to be careful not to offend either Marie or the king, Louis XIII, when portraying controversial events. One year after the end of the Estates General, a new rebellion of the Prince of Cond allowed his entry into the Conseil du Roi by the Treaty of Loudun (3 May 1616), which also granted him the sum of 1,500,000 livres and the government of Guyenne. Rubens stresses the idea of the Regency that was offered to the Queen, though she actually claimed it for herself the same day her husband was murdered. The only way he could see them was by having portraits made and choosing one of a woman who appealed to him enough (along with the size of her dowry) to feel he could enjoy her in bed and produce little princes. Did Marie almost immediately mess this chance up? They remained close until Margarets passing in 1615. France urges Henry to turn away from the field of battle, the aftermath of which is visible in the burning town in the background, and attend to hearth and home, for domestic matters are no less important to the survival of the monarchy than military exploits. With that cruel final blow, Maries childhoodsuch as it waswas officially over. Johanna of Austria rubens.jpg 373 823; 99 KB. However, Marie undertook to cement the alliance with Spain and to ensure respect for the theses of the Council of Trent. The mythological figures include Apollo and Pallas, who combat and overcome vices such as Discord, Hate, Fury, and Envy on the ground and Neptune, Pluto, Saturn, Hermes, Pan, Flora, Hebe, Pomono, Venus, Mars, Zeus, Hera, Cupid, and Diana above. Marie didnt forget about her Italian cadre of friends when she was at the top, and she promoted Leonora Dori and her husband Concino Concini to high ranks, most flagrantly creating Concini as a Marshal of France despite the little fact that hed never fought in a single, solitary battle. They also produced two French queens Catherine de Medici (15471589) and Marie de Medici (16001630). The Wedding by Proxy of Marie de' Medici to King Henry IV (162225), Rubens depicts the proxy marriage ceremony of the Florentine princess Marie de' Medici to the King of France, Henry IV which took place in the cathedral of Florence on 5 October 1600. But soon, a more prestigious suitor presented himself: King Henry IV of France. Having never been a particularly graceful event for anyone, disembarking a ship does not pose a problem for Rubens in his depiction of Marie de' Medici arriving in Marseilles after having been married to Henry IV by proxy in Florence. She fell ill in June 1642 and died of a bout of pleurisy in destitution on 3 July 1642, a few months before Richelieu. Marie was also very keen to be officially crowned Queen of France, but Henry IV postponed the ceremony for political reasons. Rubens and his times. WebMarie de' Medici wasted the wealth amassed by Henry IV; she never purged herself of the charge of having known of the king's assassination; her intimate was d'pernon, who did not ward off Ravaillac's blow, and who was proved to have known the murderer personally for a long time. To add insult to injury, the whole time Henry had been playing White Knight with Marie and sending her love letters, he had been sending almost the exact same letters to Henriette, saying he wanted to kiss her a million times. It only got more tense from there. Feeling humiliated by the conduct of his mother, who monopolized power, the King organized (with the help of his favorite the Duc de Luynes) a coup d'tat (also named Coup de majest[20]) on 24 April 1617: Concino Concini was assassinated by the Marquis de Vitry, and Marie exiled to the Chteau de Blois. Add a one-line explanation of what this file represents. Gortner, The Confessions of Catherine de Medici tags: innocence , medici 41 likes Like Love is a treacherous emotion. I knew that she was going to take it badly, but I had no idea about the insane lengths she would go to just to get revenge and mess with my life. The House of Medici produced 4 popes Leo X (15131521), Clement VII (15231534), Pius IV (15591565) and Leo XI (1605). The French were still not pleased with his choosing an Italian wife. She is led and protected by a representation of France, and guided by illustrations of Night and Aurora. It reads, I believe I wrote you that a picture was removed which depicted the Queen's departure from Paris and that, in its place, I did an entirely new one which shows the flowing of the Kingdom of France, with the revival of the sciences and the arts through the liberality and the splendour of Her Majesty, who sits upon a shining throne and holds a scale in her hands, keeping the world in equilibrium by her prudence and equity. [73] To Marie de' Medici these unions were probably the most significant part of her reign, for peace in Europe was Marie's greatest goal. Originally the paintings were hung clockwise in chronological order, decorating the walls of a waiting room expanding from a royal apartment in Marie de' Medici's Luxembourg Palace. The information about the commission in the contract Rubens signed is far from detailed and focuses mainly on the number of pictures in the cycle dedicated to the Queen's life, and is far less specific when it comes to the cycle praising her husband Henry IV. Yes, the literal day after Maries coronation, her husband was gone. WebQuite the feat. [113] Rubens artfully projected both mother and son into the future, depicting them as more aged and mature than in the preceding panel (Peace is Confirmed in Heaven). As well see, Henriettes first true volley was a doozy. Louis' mother, Marie, acted as his regent as commanded by the Frankish Salic law in case of an infant ruler. [37], Education of the Princess (16221625) shows a maturing Marie de' Medici at study. It is believed that the original painting mentioned in the letter depicting Marie's departure from Paris was rejected in favor of The Felicity of the Regency due to the more innocuous subject matter of the latter. In June 1642, a bout of pleurisy hit her, and her whole life unraveledliterally. Twenty-one of the paintings depict Marie's own struggles and triumphs in life. There is alot of information on the King, Marie de medici, the whole family. Though this particular painting is one of the most straightforward in the series, there is still some minor dispute about its significance. This genera of writing is called the Panegyric. He depicts her leaving the ship down a gangplank (she actually walked up, not down, but was illustrated this way by Rubens to create a diagonal element). Have some pie," Natalie offered. If you're behind a web filter, please make sure that the domains *.kastatic.org and *.kasandbox.org are unblocked. Force, extending her oar and heaving to, is identified by the shield just beneath her showing a lion and column. Heck yes she did. How many assistance did he have? There was great approval of the match, as the pope and many powerful Florentine nobles had been advocates of the marriage and had worked at convincing the king of the benefits of such a union. [118], The original commission for the Marie de' Medici cycle included a corresponding gallery illustrating the life of Henry IV that was never completed, although Rubens began work soon after he completed the Marie de' Medici cycle. He excluded the traditional 16th Century hieratic poise for a relaxed interpretation, where she wears regularized drapery and Rubens adorns her in that of the state of always being sick and weak. Louis, who wasnt exactly famous for his sweet disposition in the first place, grew intensely humiliated under mommys thumb, and he got a brutal revenge. [32] In Greek and Roman mythology, one Fate spun the thread, another measured its length, and the third cut the thread. Marie continued to attend the Conseil du roi by following the advice of Cardinal Richelieu, who she introduced to the King as minister. Millen & Wolf pp.220-221. We know now that Cardinal Richelieu went on to achieve enormous influence and power in France, but if Marie de Medici got her wish, hed have done none of those things. Aware that he could not avoid the formation of plots as long as his mother remained in exile, the King accepted her return to court. We all have sins to confess. C.W. One year later (10 April 1578) Grand Duchess Joanna heavily pregnant with her eighth child fell from the stairs in the Grand Ducal Palace in Florence, dying the next day after giving birth to a premature stillborn son. Also present in each are objets importants: rudder, globe, and rosaries. They are getting richer, they said, at our expense. The royal entourage includes the Dauphin, the Prince of Conti with the crown, the Duke of Ventadour with the scepter, and the Chevalier de Vendme with the hand of Justice. [48] The scene takes place below a marble statue, which depicts God the Father mourning over the dead body of Christ, alluding to the Pieta sculpture by Baccio Bandinelli (14931560). [3][4] She was a descendant of Lorenzo the Elder a branch of the Medici family sometimes referred to as the 'cadet' branch through his daughter Lucrezia de' Medici, and was also a Habsburg through her mother, who was a direct descendant of Joanna of Castile and Philip I of Castile. She groomed a young and soon-to-be notorious Cardinal Richelieu, who she introduced to the King,,! ) shows a maturing Marie de ' Medici at study a more prestigious suitor presented himself: King Henry postponed... 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