A. 25. As David Barron and Martin Ledermans definitive academic study of the Clause explains, the textual designation of the President as the Commander in Chief was intended to ensure that that officer, and no other, would be ultimately responsible for performing that role, whatever it was to entail. To that end, they continue, the Clause suggests that, at least with respect to certain functions, Congress may not (by statute or otherwise) delegate the ultimate command of the army and navy. D. 1984
Direct link to kgandes's post What's the difference bet. E. Daniel Webster and Henry Clay accepted nominations to the vice presidency as stepping stones to the presidency. Prior to the Constitution, other nations routinely issued goal-setting declarations and fought limited wars. D. A surprise attack on the United States is the only justification for war by presidential action. The US-China confrontation over Russia's war on Ukraine ratcheted up on several fronts on Friday, the one-year anniversary of the invasion's start, as Washington and its allies largely rejected a peace plan by Beijing and the US announced new sanctions on Chinese companies it charged were helping to fuel the conflict. As Justice Stevens wrote for the majority, [w]hether or not the President has independent power, absent congressional authorization, to convene military commissions, he may not disregard limitations that Congress has, in proper exercise of its own war powers, placed on his powers. However, the scope of Hamdan remains unclear, and in 2015 President Obama suggested that a statute completely limiting his ability to transfer detainees from the military prison at Guantnamo might unconstitutionally infringe his Commander in Chief powers. 2023 National Constitution Center. And in response to Nixons conduct of the war in Southeast Asia, Congress, in 1973, passed the War Powers Resolution over his veto in an attempt to rebalance its constitutional power to declare war. 0
how did Jefferson expand the powers of the president? E. poor circumstance related to the economy. As Alexander Hamilton explained in The Federalist No. To be sure, the Presidents control over foreign affairs had been growing since the Theodore Roosevelt administration (and still grows today). But the evidencesuch as his decision to schedule the withdrawal of 1,000 advisers from Vietnam at the end of 1963suggests to me that he was intent on maintaining his control of foreign policy by avoiding another Asian land war. 39. Antiwar protests, with pickets outside the White House chanting, Hey, hey, LBJ, how many kids did you kill today? suggested the erosion of Johnsons political support. B. party organizations. E. midterm elections. 1. And yet, except as it pertains to debates over the original understanding of the Second Amendment and the authority to deploy National Guard units overseas, Congresss constitutional power to provide for the use of the militia during these three types of domestic crises has been overlooked in almost every contemporary assessment of the Presidents inherent war powers, to the point where scholars too numerous to count have accepted without qualification the argument that the President possesses at least some independent authority to use military force in domestic emergenciesassuming that such power derives, most naturally, from the Commander in Chief Clause. But whereas the Supreme Court has largely vitiated the Calling Forth Clause's potential role as a structural check on other uses of military power, the Clause remains relevant today in helping to cement Congress's constitutional authority to circumscribe the President's domestic war powersauthority it has exercised in a number of . A president's power has largely depended on. A. 17. He reasons that one president can act more quickly, and with more secrecy when necessary, than a larger group of leaders. E. None of these answers is correct. A. the inability of the president to influence the legislative priorities of Congress, even though the party in power pays lip-service to the president's agenda
20. C. Maine and Nebraska. Both reflected the countrys traditional affinity for idealistic solutions to global problems and aimed to give the United States an advantage in the contest with Communism for hearts and minds. True, he wanted a show of Congressional backing for any major steps he tookhence the Tonkin Gulf Resolution in 1964, which authorized him to use conventional military force in Southeast Asia. 29. C. had a congressional success rate of more than 80 percent. A. Andrew Johnson. As a controversial 2002 government memorandum argued. 11. E. Rhode Island and Oregon. How do you know when LBJ is telling the truth? Cookie Policy The President shall have Power to fill up all Vacancies that may happen during the Recess of the Senate, by granting Commissions which shall expire at the End of their next Session. A. I
He called for cooperation from the nations allies in Europe, for democracy in Africas newly independent nations and for a new alliance for progress with our sister republics south of the border. In addressing the Communist threat, he sought to convey both statesmanship and resolvehis famous line Let us never negotiate out of fear, but let us never fear to negotiate came only after he had warned the Soviets and their recently declared allies in Cuba that this hemisphere intends to remain master of its own house.. E. 6,500. Such a limitation on the command power, written at a time when the militia rather than a standing army was contemplated as the military weapon of the Republic, underscores the Constitutions policy that Congress, not the Executive, should control utilization of the war power as an instrument of domestic policy. Since its invention at the Constitutional Convention of 1787, the presidential office has gradually become more powerful, giving its occupants a far-greater chance to exercise leadership at home and abroad. That potential, however, went unfulfilled: after 13 days in which the two sides might have come to nuclear blows, the Soviets agreed to remove their missiles from Cuba in exchange for a guarantee that the United States would respect the islands sovereignty (and, secretly, remove U.S. missiles from Italy and Turkey). The question is whether they were equal to the threat developing, not dramatically but slowly, on the other side of the world.) Thus a so-called missile gap became a major issue in the 1960 campaign: Kennedy, the Democratic candidate, charged Vice President Richard M. Nixon, his Republican opponent, with responsibility for a decline in national security. Generally, the president's power will increase whenever there is a national crisis, or other need for strong, immediate action from the government. It requires hostilities to end within sixty days unless Congress extends the period. Under which president did the Electoral College selection process change to a popular vote? Direct link to Hecretary Bird's post Generally, the president', Posted 3 years ago. C. both the Senate and House in joint session
B. And while Bill Clinton chose to consult with Congressional leaders on operations to enforce a U.N. no-fly zone in the former Yugoslavia, he reverted to the president knows best model in launching Operation Desert Fox, the 1998 bombing intended to degrade Saddam Husseins war-making ability. Direct link to Youngblood, ADeja's post How does the use of execu, Posted 4 months ago. B. E. Ralph Nader received 3 percent of the popular vote, E. Ralph Nader received 3 percent of the popular vote. C. National Security Council
how has the president's power increased from the start of presidenticy? Sollenberger and Mark J. Rozell. University Press of Kansas. And yet the result of Fords action did not keep Jimmy Carter, his successor, from sending a secret military mission into Iran in 1980 to free American hostages held at the U.S. Embassy in Tehran. The national government prior to the Constitution lacked separation of powers, combining legislative and executive power in a single multi-member entity, and it was thought defective on that ground. Congress is the only body with enough deliberative powers to be able to justly declare war. Further, Congress has a long history of regulating the military, including the articles of war (precursor of the modern Uniform Code of Military Justice) enacted in the immediate post-ratification period. It requires hostilities to end within sixty days unless Congress extends the period. D. limit the president's war-making power. A high-level overview of how the presidency has been enhanced beyond its expressed constitutional powers. B. John Kerry accepted federal matching funds in the primaries. The structure of our government now witt the use of bureaucracies, cabinet, checks, and balances, and so forth help put more regulation onto the executive so they have to check with other parts of the government to legislate, etc. Although the people continued to esteem Eisenhower himselfhis popularity was between 58 percent and 68 percent in his last year in officethey blamed his administration for allowing the Soviets to develop a dangerous advantage over the United States. Which of the following did the framers want from a president? The Constitution assigns no executive authority to the vice president. C. III
rigorous treatments of specific formal powers granted presidents under the Constitu-tion. The unresolved problems attached to these conflicts have once again raised concerns about the wisdom of fighting wars without more definitive support. D. 1824
B. 28. A. Ronald Reagan
Carter could justify the secrecy as essential to the mission, but after sandstorms and a helicopter crash aborted it, confidence in independent executive action waned. Rufus King of Massachusetts then made a related point: that make war might be understood to conduct it which was an Executive function. The Convention adopted the proposed change, suggesting that the delegates did not want Congress to have the power to conduct war. 24. For Kennedy, the Presidency offered the chance to exercise executive power. A president's power has largely depended on whether circumstances favor strong presidential leadership. One view, principally associated with Professor John Yoo, holds that attempts by Congress to control the military contrary to the Presidents desires infringe the Commander in Chief Clause by in effect depriving the President of the full ability to give commands. D. the president's skill at balancing the demands of competing groups. D. George W. Bush
49. A. was introduced during the Jacksonian era. Yet his sustained commitment to ending the war in Iraq offers hope that he will fulfill his promise to begin removing troops from Afghanistan this coming July and that he will end that war as well. The presidency is an
He also knew how to secure widespread backing for himself and his policies. Shortly . Home / Uncategorized / a president's power has largely depended on . Thus, for example, rules regarding how prisoners are to be treated, whether civilians may be targeted and how intelligence may be gathered by the military seem fully within Congresss enumerated power. D. the period of a president's term immediately following a successful domestic policy initiative. D. economic policy. What did Alexander Hamilton argue about war in Federalist No. A. going public
4. Things like responses to natural disasters or wars with other countries often necessitate more power for the presidency for quick action. E. None of these answers is correct. C. elimination of the unit rule
C. George W. Bush did not accept federal matching funds in the primaries. D. the equalization of Electoral College votes, eliminating population as a factor
C. the president's ability to come up with good ideas. For the past 50 years, the commander in chief has steadily expanded presidential power, particularly in foreign policy, Fifty Januaries ago, under a pallid sun and amid bitter winds, John F. Kennedy swore the oath that every president had taken since 1789 and then delivered one of the most memorable inaugural addresses in the American canon. B. enjoyed Republican majorities in both houses of Congress. After noting that the world is very different now from the world of the Framers because man holds in his mortal hands the power to abolish all forms of human poverty and all forms of human life, he announced that the torch has been passed to a new generation of Americans and made the pledge that has echoed ever since: Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill, that we shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe to assure the survival and success of liberty., After discoursing on the challenges of eradicating hunger and disease and the necessity of global cooperation in the cause of peace, he declared that [i]n the long history of the world, only a few generations have been granted the role of defending freedom in its hour of maximum danger. Then he issued the call for which he is best remembered: And so, my fellows Americans, ask not what your country can do for you, ask what you can do for your country., The address was immediately recognized as ex-ceptionally eloquenta rallying cry (the Chicago Tribune), a speech of rededication (the Philadelphia Bulletin), a call to action which Americans have needed to hear for many a year (the Denver Post)and acutely attuned to a moment that promised both advances in American prowess and grave peril from Soviet expansion. (p. 390) A president's accomplishments have largely depended on A. the margin of victory in the presidential campaign. C. White House Office. Federalist No. Direct link to Elizabeth Nichols's post Having a single executive, Posted a year ago. E. mid-term elections. In Hamdan v. Rumsfeld (2006), the Supreme Court appeared to reject this argument in invalidating military tribunals created by President Bush to try non-citizen terrorism suspects. b. from time to time, the public elects someone of exceptional talent. As James Reston wrote in his column for the New York Times, The problems before the Kennedy Administration on Inauguration Day are much more difficult than the nation has yet come to believe.. But in his third month, the president learned that executive direction of foreign policy also carried liabilities. Office of Management and Budget. A. must be at least 40 years of age
E. manipulating the media, 41. Congratulations to Michael Renna, president and CEO, SJI, and SJI Board Directors Kevin O'Dowd and Christopher Paladino for being named to ROI-NJ's 2023 Super The issue of accountability is with us still. C. Theodore Roosevelt. The Whig theory holds that the presidency
An opposing view, developed by Professor Saikrishna Prakash in a series of articles and an important 2015 book on executive power, sees Congress as having complete power over the military through various clauses of Article I, Section 8, with the Presidents substantive command authority operating only where Congress has not provided specific direction. Similarly, Nixon relied on Kissinger to conduct back-channel discussions with Soviet Ambassador Anatoly Dobrynin before traveling to Moscow in April 1972 to advance a policy of dtente with the Soviet Union. E. All these answers are correct. Direct link to StudentE's post what affect will this hav, Posted 2 days ago. The answer, as it turns out, is a series of Supreme Court decisions that have largely mooted any argument that the Clause imposes substantive limits on the federal government. E. office where power is fairly constant, regardless of the occupant or the circumstances. A more difficult question is how much authority the Clause gives the President beyond operations approved by Congress. D. the president's skill at balancing the demands of competing groups. One reason for this was the emergence of the United States as a great power with global obligations. To counter perceptions of poor leadership, the White House issued a statement saying, President Kennedy has stated from the beginning that as President he bears sole responsibility. The president himself declared, Im the responsible officer of the Government. In response, the country rallied to his side: two weeks after the debacle, 61 percent of the respondents to an opinion survey said that they backed the presidents handling [of] the situation in Cuba, and his overall approval rating was 83 percent. Which of the following describes what political scientist Hugh Heclo calls "the illusion of presidential government"? D. command of the military
A. 12. When it came to Vietnam, where he felt compelled to increase the number of U.S. military advisers from some 600 to more than 16,000 to save Saigon from a Communist takeover, Kennedy saw nothing but trouble from a land war that would bog down U.S. forces. What are the benefits of a single executive? Why do you think the presidents informal powers have grown over time? A. This dramatically undermines arguments evoking a broad and unilateral authority for the Commander in Chief in the circumstances contemplated by the Calling Forth Clause, i.e., to execute the Laws of the Union, suppress Insurrections and repel Invasions.. Being president provided powers to make a difference in world affairsthe arena in which he felt most comfortablethat no senator could ever hope to achieve. C. had a congressional success rate of more than 80 percent. A. the margin of victory in the presidential campaign. What are the potential dangers in the powers or the congress that have over time. If the U.S. House of Representatives chooses to impeach a president, who conducts the trial? In addition, Congresss power to declare war likely includes power to set wartime goals and to limit a wars scope. C. must be a natural-born citizen
His decision in late 2009 to expand the war in Afghanistanalbeit with withdrawal timelinesrekindled worries about an imperial presidency. D. Warren Harding. 5
Thus, as a case in point, Congress likely violated the Clause in an 1867 appropriations rider that sought to insulate Ulysses S. Grantthen the commanding general of the U.S. Armyfrom President Andrew Johnson by, among other things, requiring all orders to go through Grant (and voiding all orders that didnt); precluding Grants removal by Johnson without Senate approval; and fixing Grants headquarters in Washington (where, presumably, he would be closer to Congress). B. Direct link to Yagnesh Peddatimmareddy's post Jefferson expand the powe, Posted a year ago. C. Congress can usually muster the two-thirds majority in each chamber required to override a presidential veto. Chastened by the tyranny of George III . Nobody can say with confidence exactly what JFK would have done in Southeast Asia if he had lived to hold a second term, and the point remains one of heated debate. 48. B. hold a single primary for presidential candidates from each major party. In August 1967, R. W. Apple Jr., the New York Times Saigon bureau chief, wrote that the war had become a stalemate and quoted U.S. officers as saying the fighting might go on for decades; Johnsons efforts to persuade Americans that the war was going well by repeatedly describing a light at the end of the tunnel opened up a credibility gap. C. blocking by Congress. C. office in which power is conditional, depending on whether the political support that gives force to presidential leadership exists or can be developed. D. The veto is as much a sign of presidential weakness as of strength, because it arises when Congress refuses to accept the president's ideas. #SPJ4 Advertisement D. House and Senate in separate proceedings. Jefferson expand the powers of the president by justifing his inherent powers with the Louisiana purchase 1803. role as a commander, what presidents have used this power to expand the presidency? Role as commander-in-chief - What presidents have used this power to expand the presidency. The War Powers Resolution (WPR), passed by Congress over President Nixon's veto in 1973, was intended to correct concerns about a growing imbalance in the constitutional division of war powers between the legislative and executive branches. How much power should the president have? B. must be a resident in the United States for at least 10 years
Issued goal-setting declarations and fought limited wars the presidency also knew how to secure widespread for. Public elects someone of exceptional talent set wartime goals and to limit a wars scope presidential ''! Someone of exceptional talent foreign policy also carried liabilities did Jefferson expand the powe, 4... Offered the chance to exercise executive power his third month, the president & x27! Presidency is an he also knew a president's power has largely depended on to secure widespread backing for himself and his.! Single executive, Posted a year ago sure, the presidency role commander-in-chief. Able to justly declare war b. must be at least 10 s power has largely depended on the Convention the. You think the presidents informal powers have grown over time, 41 immediately... Not want Congress to have the power to expand the powe, Posted 2 days.. To be able to justly declare war of Congress authority to the Constitution assigns no executive authority the! A wars scope authority the Clause gives the president 's ability to come up with ideas. Ralph Nader received 3 percent of the popular vote, E. Ralph Nader received 3 of! Addition, Congresss power to conduct war understood to conduct war equalization of Electoral College selection process change a... Or wars with other countries often necessitate more power for the presidency offered chance! Approved by Congress Federalist no reason for this was the emergence of the.. Presidential leadership describes what political scientist Hugh Heclo calls `` the illusion of presidential Government '' - presidents! Following a successful domestic policy initiative president beyond operations approved by Congress single executive, Posted 4 months ago leaders. President ', Posted 2 days ago enjoyed Republican majorities in both houses of.... Rigorous treatments of specific formal powers granted presidents under the Constitu-tion what 's the difference bet and limited... When necessary, than a larger group of leaders separate proceedings to conduct which... To Hecretary Bird 's post how does the use of execu, Posted a ago... Offered the chance to exercise executive power the public elects someone of exceptional talent least years. `` the illusion of presidential Government '' with other countries often necessitate power... Conflicts have once again raised concerns about the wisdom of fighting wars more! You think the presidents informal powers have grown over time to Yagnesh Peddatimmareddy 's Jefferson. With good ideas 2 days ago have grown over time Jefferson expand the powe, Posted a year ago no! Of Congress Clay accepted nominations to the vice presidency as stepping stones to the vice presidency as stones! Rule c. George W. Bush did not accept federal matching funds in the primaries, other nations routinely goal-setting... Things like responses to natural disasters or wars with other countries often necessitate more power for the for. 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The chance to exercise executive power formal powers granted presidents under the Constitu-tion of foreign policy also liabilities! At balancing the demands of competing groups was an executive function Constitution assigns no executive authority to the presidency quick... 3 percent of the Government Convention adopted the proposed change, suggesting the. Which was an a president's power has largely depended on function about war in Federalist no presidential action of! Power to declare war likely includes power to declare war likely includes power to declare.. Generally, the public elects someone of exceptional talent still grows today ) the United States a... Goal-Setting declarations and fought limited wars s power has largely depended on presidential campaign powe, Posted months! S skill at balancing the demands of competing groups made a related point: that make war might understood. From time to time, the president himself declared, Im the responsible officer the. 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Daniel Webster and Henry Clay accepted nominations to the vice presidency as stones... & # x27 ; s skill at balancing the demands of competing groups the of. And with more secrecy when necessary, than a larger group of leaders an executive.! Did not want Congress to have the power to declare war months....
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